Consumer Psychology and Buying Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Purchaser Psychology and Buying Behavior - Essay Example Then again, the advertisers need to fuse their comprehension in the inclusion standard into the showcasing efforts so as to help the shopper in their purchasing choice conduct. The advertising model that is generally utilized by advertisers has two particular parts. The initial segment involves a portrayal of a populace of ‘consumers’ who individual decide to purchase different contending brands again and again. The subsequent one involves brand the executives particularly while changing the properties of a brand like the cost, or quality because of occasions in the commercial center. A few components have been said to impact showcasing. When an organization has completed effective showcasing research, guarantee that it presents the endorsed item as well as administration for the market. Area or spot is a basic part of showcasing where items as well as administrations are conveyed. Showcasing likewise involves advancement of items by given organizations. It is utilized t o advise clients about the new item that the organization plans to bring into the market. The market must be overwhelmed by the component of significant worth for items and administrations. Most potential customers will in general purchase items or administrations sold at low costs. Faithfulness means the likeliness of certain buyers to adhere to similar items. This fills in as the key impact and determinism in the market. Brain science involves how and in what ways parts of the real items and/or administrations in the market impacts individuals to settle on their decisions, by conceivably purchasing an item that is not the same as the past one. Humanism involves the way where one person‘s purchasing is affected by that of others. Basically, there is the propensity of individuals ready to purchase indistinguishable brands from others prompting a lock in one item that commands the market without considering the way that the contenders have pretty much indistinguishable ‘q ualities’ that may incorporate cost. Presentation Marketing is the selling of items and administrations to possible customers in a given domain at a given time. It essentially involves the potential customers that are accessible and how to deal with them. Henceforth, client brain science and purchasing conduct is vital in any promoting arrangement since, customers are the most significant components in development of organizations. Without promoting, potential clients can't find out about the presence of items and administrations they miss, and this prompts absence of achievement in business (Kinley et al 2010). Basically, the huge piece of the showcasing centers around purchaser conduct. In this manner, utilization of brain research goes about as a paradigmatic impact in clarifying human conduct as far as shopper observations and inclinations of specific items and administrations. Then again, the advertisers need to join their comprehension in the inclusion rule into the sho wcasing efforts so as to help the shopper in their purchasing choice conduct. In showcasing, most shopper items are structured in the way that interests to the clients, urging them to purchase. In this manner, mechanical and maker will in general spotlight more on comprehension and controlling items properties (Kinley et al 2010). Under the less, purchasing conduct isn't a capacity item yet in addition an element of the buyer, the social condition of different clients, the contending items in the commercial center, and the brand advertising procedure. Henceforth, it is essential to initially comprehend the brain research of the purchasers, and the human science of shopper gatherings or systems. The showcasing model that is generally utilized by advertisers has two unmistakable parts.

Planning for Life After University

Making arrangements for Life After University Each late spring, the web is flooded with guidance for up and coming alumni about their life decisions and what to do when they finish college. In the present current monetary atmosphere, numerous third years will be startled at the idea of life after college. Joblessness and moving back home to live with guardians is a cruel reality for some and a large number of youthful, extraordinarily splendid individuals will apply for few alumni employments. Notwithstanding, pondering life after college in the term before you graduate is past the point of no return in the event that you need to discover your fantasy graduate job, and abstain from getting back. At the point when you quit considering college a break from this present reality, and begin considering it to be groundwork for this present reality, you'll see that college turns into much increasingly gainful. You'll have the option to consider your drawn out objectives all the more obviously, permit it to take the correct shape for a vocation, and augment your odds of profession satisfaction. By utilizing the accompanying exhortation all through your three years at college, as opposed to your last term, should see you in a much better spot to prevail after graduation. System Numerous college understudies effectively fall into building up a feeling of inadequacy, where they accept that no one in the ‘real world' will be keen on their gifts, considerations or issues. On the off chance that you experience the ill effects of this, you're far less inclined to connect with individuals who could greatly help you sometime in the not too distant future with finding your fantasy job, until you've completed your examinations. Connecting with these individuals when you're effectively searching for work is past the point of no return. Give causing associations as early a shot in your profession as you to can. Two simple approaches to do this include: Email individuals who are notable in their field, or who have affected you to have an intrigue. Trying to say ‘I truly like the manner in which your organization is managing this issue' or ‘I read your book and it truly made me consider this'. In doing this, you get your name known inside an industry, and show your eagerness for an industry some time before going to interviews. You may even find that with ordinary correspondence you won't have to go to many. Joining proficient associations is another incredible method to organize. Most offer lower evaluated understudy participations, so you'll have the option to go to meetings and occasions that won't just acquaint you with the individuals you have to know, yet undoubtedly improve your time at college and your examinations. Most of examples, you will discover individuals are glad to support you and help out. It's extremely complimenting to be perceived for your work by brilliant understudies, and numerous individuals will feel great by helping you on the correct way. On the off chance that you locate an uncommon exemption, you can generally proceed onward to another person. Research your choices Essentially no one uses them, however you can receive numerous rewards from your grounds profession administration, generally from energetic staff. Ensure you make a note of any bizarre activity titles and research them-it might be your fantasy job. For instance, possibly Corporate Happiness Officer seems like it would suit you impeccably. Make sure to investigate top to bottom the organizations that premium you, to check whether and how you would fit into it. Regardless of whether it's modifying or assembling tractor parts, there are a large number of undertakings to be done in each organization. Ensure you keep awake to date with new fields opening up in the realm of business, or aptitudes that are confronting an expanding request. This will stop for a minute and how you have to examine, just as showing the worthwhile profession ways of tomorrow. Benefit as much as possible from your summers A mid year employment or temporary position with a conspicuous organization in the business you need to enter are extraordinary approaches to get your foot in the entryway, and will help with your systems administration. In any case, on the off chance that you can't discover a situation, there are other significant ways you can spend your summers: Start a business Make a site or blog-incredible for trying columnists, journalists or advanced advertising administrators Temping work for involvement with various organizations, and to fabricate an expert system You could likewise pursue summer courses at your college or a nearby school to develop complimentary aptitudes, for example, accounting, initiative or PC programming. Take the mid year to deliberately peruse do without the common sea shore perusing and put your cash in pertinent diaries. On the off chance that you can stand to do as such, going will instruct you to adjust and get adaptable in your way to deal with issues, furnishing you with experience to draw from in the expert world. Develop an expert online persona One of the most noticeably terrible ways you can harm your opportunity of arriving at your fantasy vocation is by having an inappropriate sort of close to home data via web-based networking media. The most ideal approach to move toward your online nearness is to accept that all that you present online is available on planned businesses, speculators, customers and your grandma. With an ever increasing number of organizations analyzing forthcoming representatives' web based life records and web nearness, ensure you keep all you evenings out and other conceivably dangerous stories and tales mysterious. You may likewise wish to utilize a pen name, increment your security settings. Furthermore, assemble an open prepared profile with your actual name, and present a positive picture of a determined, splendid understudy hoping to begin their profession. Consider new businesses and little organizations You may have the fantasy about graduating and afterward beginning work with Google, however new companies and independent ventures offer a ton of advantages to individuals in their initial professions. At a uber organization, you're an amazingly little fish in an exceptionally large ocean, however new companies can allow you to sparkle and substantiate yourself in various manners: You can accept on open doors and duties past your unique expected set of responsibilities You can profit by adaptability over working hours and days off You play a genuine, quantifiable job in an organization's prosperity You get an opportunity to intently work with individuals experienced in your industry

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Taking the IB Chemistry test will be a nerve-wracking experience, however having seen a genuine IB past paper before stepping through the real exam will be an enormous bit of leeway since you'll have involvement in the test group, the length, and style of the test. In this article, I will give you where to discover IB Chemistry past papers, both free and paid. I'll likewise share tips on the best way to concentrate most adequately utilizing these IB Chemistry past papers. Where to Find Free Tests The IB has been tenacious about searching out and pulverizing illicitly transferred official papers for as far back as hardly any years, so a ton of sources that used to be out there are not, at this point promptly accessible. At present, the main free authority IB Chemistry test legitimately accessible is this Chemistry HL paper 3. I have not had the option to locate any informal IB Chemistry past papers (ones made without any preparation). On the off chance that you discover any, I unequivocally prompt AGAINST utilizing them, as they might be not at all like the real IB Chemistry papers. Where to Find Paid Tests The IBO store sells IB Chemistry SL and HL past papers from May 2015 to November 2018. Explore to the Diploma Program page, at that point click Shop Exam Papers to see every single accessible paper, which can be limited by class and time span. This is the main safe spot to get IB Chemistry past papers to download. Each paper and each imprint plot costs $3.00. Purchasing the entirety of the past papers and imprint plans can be expensive, so on the off chance that you are hoping to spend as meager as could be expected under the circumstances, I suggest simply buying the latest (November and May 2018) past papers as they will be nearest to what you realized. 3 Tips for Using IB Chemistry Past Papers Productively Since each training IB Chemistry test will take you 3 hours for SL or 4.5 hours for HL, it's basic that you benefit from each test. Here are a couple of accommodating practices to remember when you're taking these papers: #1: Complete papers 1 and 2 of every one sitting. The IB Chemistry SL and IB Chemistry HL papers are serious, driving you to sit and focus for two hours for SL and 3 hours and 15 minutes for HL. You have to develop your psychological quality so you don't make reckless mistakes before the finish of paper 2. By taking the training tests in a single meeting, you develop your psychological quality in anticipation of the genuine test. On the off chance that you don't possess energy for a 2 hour or 3 hour brief meeting, at that point you can take each paper on isolated days. Be that as it may, you have to comply with the following standard: #2: Stick to the specific planning on each piece of the test. It is VERY IMPORTANT that you become accustomed to the upsetting planning of this test: IB Chemistry SL: IB Chemistry SL Paper 1-45 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 2-1 hour 15 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 3 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL: IB Chemistry HL Paper 1 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 2-2 hours 15 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 3-1 hour 15 minutes In this designated time, you have to wrap up: IB Chemistry SL: Paper 1: 30 various decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reactions and Section B: pick one article question (you pick between three choices) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two choices: six short reaction addresses that each can have between 2-5 sections IB Chemistry HL: Paper 1: 40 different decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reaction addresses that each can have between 3-10 sections and Section B: pick two exposition questions (you pick between four alternatives) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two choices: at least seven short reaction and exposition questions (changes dependent on the alternatives that you canvassed in your group) Try not to rehearse with additional time-on the off chance that you give yourself additional time, you can finish more inquiries and increment your score. We need to utilize these training tests as reasonable indicators of your test score. #3: Check your answers. After you complete a training test, you have to survey each blunder you made. Try not to skirt this progression. In the event that you do, you won't gain from your blunders, and you will make similar ones on the IB Chemistry test. So make a point to go through at any rate 1.5 hours inspecting each full practice tests. This may appear to be a great deal of time, yet stress nature of learning over amount of learning. I'd preferably observe you step through two examinations with fastidious audit over five tests with no survey. What’s Next? Need assistance assessing some science ideas? Look into how to adjust substance conditions here. Become familiar with IB Chemistry: The Complete IB Chemistry Syllabus: SL and HL The Best IB Chemistry Study Guide and Notes for SL/HL The Best IB Chemistry Books, Reviewed Searching for approaches to apply your science information to your regular daily existence? Get three distinct plans for making your own sludge and figure out how to (securely) use muriatic corrosive to clean family unit things. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4? We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 techniques you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 21~22

Part TWENTY-ONE I Lick the Body Electric The Maui dusk had set the sky ablaze and everything in the cottage had assumed the sparkling pink tone of heaven †or heck, contingent upon where you were standing. Earth eviscerated the feathered creature and put the cut off pieces on a platter to move them to the flame broil. â€Å"You'll require something to bring those in on,† Clair said. Her dress was a purple hibiscus-blossom print, and the orchid she wore in her hair seemed as though lavender dragonflies bumping. She was dicing pickles into the macaroni plate of mixed greens. â€Å"What's the issue with this?† Clay held up the plate with the crude chicken. â€Å"You can't utilize a similar plate. You'll get salmonella.† â€Å"Fine, fuck it,† Clay stated, hurling the plate into the yard. The chicken parts bobbed pleasantly, breading themselves with a light covering of sand, ants, and dried grass. â€Å"When did chicken become like plutonium in any case, for the good of Christ? You can't let it contact you or it's sure screwing passing. Also, eggs and burgers murder you except if you cook them to the consistency of limestone! Furthermore, on the off chance that you turn on your screwing mobile phone, the plane is going to plunge out of the sky in a chunk of blazes? Also, kids can't drop a huge load any longer yet they must have a head protector and cushions on make them resemble the Road Warrior. Isn't that so? Correct? What the heck happened to the world? When did everything get so goddamn destructive? Huh? I've been going to the ocean for thirty cursed years, and nothing's executed me. I've swum with everything that can chomp, sting, or eat you, and I've done each moronic thing at profundity that any human can †I'm as yet alive. Fuck, Clair, I was oblivious for an hour submerged not exactly seven days back, and it didn't kill me. Presently you're going to disclose to me that I will get whacked by a screwing chicken leg? All things considered, simply screw it then!† He didn't have the foggiest idea where to go, so he returned and pummeled the screen entryway behind him, at that point opened it and hammered it once more. â€Å"Goddamn it!† And he remained there, breathing hard. Not so much taking a gander at anything. Clair put down her blade and pickle, at that point cleaned her hands. As she came toward Clay she pulled an enormous bobby pin from the rear of her hair, and her long, thick secures fell her back. She took Clay's correct hand and kissed every one of his fingertips, licked his thumb, at that point took his forefinger in her mouth and made a demonstration of evacuating it gradually and with greatest dampness. Earth took a gander at the floor, shaking. â€Å"Baby,† she said as she set the bobby pin immovably between Clay's wet thumb and forefinger, â€Å"I need you to head toward that divider and take this bobby pin and supplement it solidly into that electrical outlet over there.† Mud gazed toward her finally. â€Å"Because,† she proceeded, â€Å"I realize that you aren't distraught at me and that you're simply lamenting for your companions, however I think you should be reminded that you aren't insusceptible and that you can sting significantly more than you do now. What's more, I figure it would be better on the off chance that you did it without anyone else's help, in light of the fact that else I'll need to cerebrum you with your own iron skillet.† â€Å"That would be wrong,† Clay said. â€Å"It is a remorseless world, baby.† Dirt took her in his arms and covered his face in her hair and just remained there in the entryway for quite a while. Amy had been absent for thirty-two hours. That morning an angler had discovered her kayak washing against certain stones on Molokai and had called the rental organization in Maui. An actual existence coat was still lashed on the facade of the vessel, he said. The Coast Guard had quit looking as of now. â€Å"Now, let me go,† Clair said. â€Å"I need to understand that chicken out of the yard and flush it off.† â€Å"I don't figure we ought to eat that.† â€Å"Please. I'm going to concoct it for Kona. You're taking me out.† â€Å"I am?† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"After I stick this in the outlet, right?† â€Å"You can lament, Clay †that is as it ought to be †however you can't feel remorseful for being alive.† â€Å"So, I don't need to put this in the outlet?† â€Å"You utilized foul language at me, child. I don't perceive any route around it.† â€Å"Oh, well, that is valid. You go get Kona's chicken out of the yard. I'll do this.† On the second morning after Amy was lost adrift, Clay strolled to the shoreline, a rough sea shore between certain condominiums north of Lahaina †unreasonably short for morning sprinters, unreasonably shallow for a washing swarm. He remained on an outcropping of rocks with the waves smashing around him and attempted to let unadulterated disdain come up short on his heart. Dirt Demodocus was a person who loved things, and among the things he had preferred the most was the ocean, yet at the beginning of today he didn't hold anything however scorn for his old companion. The sapphire blue was aloof, the waves elitist. She'd execute you without learning your name. â€Å"You bitch,† Clay stated, noisy enough for the ocean to hear. He spit into her face and strolled back home. That old swindler Maui had been perched on a stone close by viewing, and he chuckled at Clay's hubris. Maui respected a man with a bigger number of balls than minds, even a haole. He cast a little gift at the picture taker †only a knickknack for the snicker, a frivolous little mango of enchantment †and afterward he took off to the incredible banyan tree to mist the film of Japanese voyagers. Back in what was currently just his office, Clay uncovered Amy's resume from underneath his documents and decided. He prepared himself, attempting to make sense of how, precisely, he was going to tell these outsiders that their little girl was absent and accepted to have suffocated. He felt pitiful and alone, and his elbow hurt from the shock of power he'd taken the prior night. He would not like. He went after the telephone, at that point halted and shut his eyes, as though he could cause the entire thing to leave, yet on the rear of his eyelids he considered the to be of his mom as he had last observed her, gazing toward him out of her barrel of brackish water, â€Å"Make the call, you pussy. On the off chance that anybody knows how not to get awful news, it's you. Some portion of faithfulness is following up, you crying quitter. Try not to resemble your brothers.† Ok, sweet Mama, Clay thought. He dialed the telephone †a number with a 716 territory code, Tonawanda, New York. It rang multiple times, and the recorded administrator went ahead, saying that the number he'd came to was not in administration right now. He checked it, at that point dialed the following number down, which likewise turned out not to be working. He called Tonawanda data for Amy's folks, and the administrator let him know there was no such posting. At a misfortune, he called Woods Hole Oceanographic Center, where Amy had gotten her master's. Earth knew one of her counsels, Marcus Loughten, a bad tempered Brit who had worked at Woods Hole for a long time and was popular in the field for his work in submerged acoustics. Loughten replied on the third ring. â€Å"Loughten,† Loughten said.: â€Å"Marcus, this is Clay Demodocus. We cooperated on † » â€Å"Yes, Clay, I bleeding know what your identity is. Calling from Hawaii, are you?† â€Å"Well, indeed, I †; â€Å"Probably, what, seventy-eight degrees with a breeze? It's seven beneath zero Fahrenheit here. I'm out introducing bleeding sound floats in a monthlong snowstorm to shield right whales from getting run over by supertankers.† â€Å"Right, the sound floats. How are those functioning out?† â€Å"They're not.† â€Å"No? Why not?† â€Å"Well, right whales are dumb as poop, right? Dislike a supertanker hushes up. On the off chance that sound would prevent them, at that point they'd be without a doubt deflected by the motor clamor, wouldn't they? They don't make the association. Moronic shits.† â€Å"Oh, sorry to learn that. Uh, why continue doing it then?† â€Å"We have funding.† â€Å"Right. See, Marcus, I need some data on one of your understudies who came around here to work with us. Amy Earhart? Would have been with you folks until fall of last year.† â€Å"No, I don't have a clue about that name.† â€Å"Sure you do, five-five, slim, pale, dull hair with sort of unnatural blue features, brilliant as a whip.† â€Å"Sorry, Clay. That doesn't fit any of my students.† Earth took a full breath and walked on. Scholars were infamous for regarding their graduate understudies as subhuman, however Clay was astounded that Loughten didn't recall Amy. She was adorable, and if Clay could decide from a night of drinking he'd finished with Loughten at a marine well evolved creature meeting in France, the Brit was in excess of somewhat of a horndog. â€Å"Great ass, Marcus. You'd remember.† â€Å"I'm sure I would, yet I don't.† Mud contemplated the resume. â€Å"What about Peter? Would he † » â€Å"No, Clay, I know the entirety of Peter's graduate understudies also. Did you call to affirm her references when you took her on?† â€Å"Well, no.† â€Å"Good work, at that point. Slip away with your Nikons, did she?† â€Å"No, she's absent adrift. I'm attempting to get in touch with her family.† â€Å"Sorry. Wish I could be of help. I'll check the records, just to be certain †on the off chance that I've had a ministroke that slaughtered the piece of the mind that recollects fine bottoms.† â€Å"Thanks.† â€Å"Good karma, Clay. My best to Quinn.† Mud recoiled. It turned out he truly wasn't ready for bearing terrible news. â€Å"Will do, Marcus. Great bye.† Clay hung up and continued gazing at the telephone. Indeed, he thought, I knew literally nothing about this lady that I thought I knew. Libby Quinn had just called (wailing) to state that they ought to have a joint help at the haven for Nate and Amy, and that Clay ought to talk. What was he going to state about Amy? Beyond a reasonable doubt darling, I think we as a whole knew Amy as researcher, a partner, a companion, a lady who appeared out of the blue with a totally made history, however I think

Educational Quotes Applied to Music Education Essay

Have you at any point had a second where you wound up attempting to comprehend a troublesome idea on your own when the entirety of the abrupt, â€Å"click,† and everything seemed well and good? You could believe this to resemble a light turning on inside your head, and now the comprehension is all reasonable. Presently envision a thoughtful individual giving you a wellspring of light to make everything understood, instead of you attempting to detail a light without anyone else. This is actually how instructors work and is the thing that this brilliant statement is attempting to address. By expending their own insight and experience, they touch off a light that sparkles for their understudies to use to control them to their future achievement. Before disclosing its significance to the music instructive world, I will initially explain the representative utilization of the flame. As instructors, we develop in our insight and dominance of the workmanship where we decide to seek after. By accomplishing more astuteness and ability, the establishments we manufacture will extend to our working environment and permit us to prevail to higher degrees. This can be firmly identified with the work of a light. The more grounded and better the wax or oil is made, the more splendid the light will enlighten when touched off. A more grounded light methods for a superior view. Others may utilize this solid light to direct them through numerous dull difficulties that face them. In spite of the fact that the light can't be utilized as an instrument for direct assurance, it offers a more splendid comprehension of what the individual may confront, and from that point they can make the right judgment. Instructors fill in as this light, while understudies fill in as the lost person. In the event that an educator has a solid establishment in what they know, their astuteness can be given to their understudy with the goal that they may advance effectively to their future. Despite the fact that the instructor can't be there to sit in the student’s seat and take the test for them, they may extend the student’s comprehension of the idea and take into consideration them to settle on the correct decisions dependent on their comprehension. The flame doesn't stroll for the holder, yet it will light the way so they realize where to walk and what to stay away from. The great thing about candles is that their light doesn't decrease at all until all the wax or oiled is devoured. Teacher will consistently have exercises to train their understudy until the entirety of their shrewdness is devoured by the understudy. The main thing that can smother its fire in any case is the inconsiderateness of the holder permitting it to defuse. Music teachers don't wander much at all to scholastic instructors with regards to contrasting their effect upon understudies. The more information and ability a music instructor has will affect how brilliant their student’s future will be and how well they will ace the craft of their instrument. This is the reason it is significant for music educators to get extraordinary training in all components of music instruction. At that point perhaps one day, the understudy may grow up to turn into an all around made flame for another driven understudy to light the route to their future.

A Critical Analysis Of The Sociology Of The Body - 275 Words

A Critical Analysis Of The Sociology Of The Body (Essay Sample) Content: Sociology of the BodyFirst Last NameName of UniversitySociology of the BodyThe sociology of the body suggests that our bodies are socially constructed, fashioned and sexualized. Changes in social activities are the cause of change in sex view in female and beauty in the male.Traditionally, the male gender was considered to be more powerful than the female gender. On one end of the spectrum, we had men taking all the responsibilities in a relationship and on the other end women were subordinate, and they were not expected to discuss their sexual desires and sexual pleasures. They were also expected to be reluctant to sexual activities until emotional intimacy is established. Presently, things have taken another route. A woman can take up the roles and responsibilities that were presumed to be the work of men (Kimmel, 2006). Indeed, some Democratic scripts that have recently emerged indicate that women enjoy sex as men do, and they can also initiate potential sexual op portunities. These scripts have constructed the prevailing heterosexual sex where women can engage in meaningless sexual activities without commitment something that was deemed to be mens behavior. Women can also share information about sex and express their sex desire as men do.New sociological changes are still being observed with the current situation showing more men diverging from the traditional men and increasingly engaging in the pursuit of physical beauty something that was traditionally confined to the female gender. The current generation of the male gender is being attracted towards beauty aesthetics, and they are after body-beautifying practices for instance tattooing, fitness and fashion (Horvat, Markovic , Supek, 1975). The meaning of this change cannot be ignored because contrary to the traditional men, the current men are showing some kind of expressive, emotions and care for their bodies. The impact in the society is equally enormous since beauty bus...

3 Strategies to Help Improve Reading Comprehension on the SAT and ACT

Mastering reading comprehension is a key component of preparing for the ACT and SAT. After all, a student cannot be successful on these tests without a clear understanding of what each question asks, the nuances of each reading passage, and what a writing prompt outlines. Fully grasping the meaning of what you’re reading involves many layers. Julie Mueller, one of our A+ tutors,helps students with ACT and SAT prep, as well as subjects ranging from algebra to literature. She suggests students focus on three helpful strategies. Identify the Problem, Then Solve The first step is identifying where the issue lies in unpacking and evaluating the information. â€Å"My goal as a tutor is not only to help teach the student how to read better, but also to help the student self-identify what the particular issue is,† Julie explains. For example, if a student doesn't know a word in a reading passage but gets directed back to it, he should look for context because often there is a set-up sentence or an explanation sentence that follows. If a student complains in general that the reading passages are difficult to understand, encourage her to use the following active reading strategies: read the title or short description that often precedes the text—this information often provides valuable context; use your finger or a pencil to â€Å"trace† the text as you read; underline, circle, or star key concepts; write brief, meaningful notes in the margins about tone, setting, transitions, and key people, events, or characters. Annotating in this way not only aids comprehension, but can also be a timesaver when searching for evidence in the passage to answer a question. Julie adds that the sooner the specific problem is identified and corrected, the better. Otherwise, these reading issues will continue into college. Subvocalization There are students who need to physically see written words to comprehend the information – visual learners who digest the information by reading with their eyes. However, in sharp contrast, many students actually benefit most from speaking the information aloud to process it. â€Å"If a student hears something out loud, their brain processes it completely differently than reading that same information with their eyes,† Mueller explains. â€Å"If it’s content that is not of great interest to the student, taking it in by reading out loud can make all the difference in the world.† She adds that practicing subvocalization techniques and reading content aloud, even if it’s very quietly to oneself, has proven to be very beneficial for students struggling with reading comprehension. Piece by Piece Choosing an article that is fairly dense, such as one from The New York Times, and analyzing it one chunk at a time, is another helpful tip. Try stepping into a complex article and assessing it piece by piece, one sentence and paragraph at a time. â€Å"Identify statements of purpose, verb tenses, the flow of the author’s argument – breaking it up and dissecting it is usually easier than looking at it as one large intimidating text,† Julie explains. Practicing splicing a large text into smaller bits will become an automatic process with repeated practice. No matter a student’s reading level, it’s never too early (or late) to implement reading comprehension strategies. If you have a question about how one of our Philadelphia-area tutoring programs can help your student, please contact us at (215) 886-9188. Photo credit:Sam Greenhalgh

Learning About Each Age Group - 1302 Words

Working in the healthcare field, one would come into contact with all ages of individuals and if you re lucky you could specialize in just one, like geriatrics. Learning about each age group is very important because you have to know what is considered normal findings and what is considered abnormal when dealing with a person s health. And of course, each age groups would have different norms. The first group we are going to focus on is the newborn stage. This is a very interesting group because children at this age tend to learn daily and will go through several phases before turning one. Sigmund Freud best described this phase as the oral stage. He named it this because this age is the initial sucking, and oral satisfaction comes into play. The child also can realize that mother/parent is something separate from self (Potter Perry, 2009, pg. 138). But Erik Erikson focused more on psychosocial stages whether than psychosexual stages. He felt that at this age, the infant would require a consistent caregiver who would be able to meet their needs. And from the trust the child builds in its parents, it will learn to trust itself. He also stated that the child s sense of trust may be challenged during hospitalization and may need support from parents when returning home (Potter Perry, 2009, pg. 139). When educating parents on how to care for children this age, it would be im portant to teach them about children wanting to put things in their mouths and how using aShow MoreRelatedPreschool Nutrition1444 Words   |  6 PagesPreschool Nutrition Service Project The target population of this service project was thirteen preschool children with ages that ranged between four and five years of age. The gender distribution included six boys and seven girls with residence distributed between Porter and La Porte counties of Indiana. 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Learning Styles and the Accounting Profession Essay example

Every human being in this world is unique and each individual has different ways in which they learn. Learning styles have been formulated over the years to help us recognize the way we approach learning and methods we use to gain knowledge. It is an individuals distinctive approach to learning based on strengths, weaknesses, and preference with a mixture of various styles. In this essay, we will take a look at different learning styles and how they can be implemented and integrated in the accounting profession. To determine the best way I learn, I carried out two different learning styles questionnaires online. One may find that they are not always categorised in a specific type rather they may have more†¦show more content†¦The results were similar to the VARK results. Similar concepts apply to this model as the scores from the test are matched against a scale with two polar opposites, in this case, visual and verbal. As I stated before, visual learners learn better with p hysical demonstrations rather than explanations with words. Finally, my last result was reflective learning. This is a very fair assessment of the way I learn as I am more into the critical analysis of a subject or concept. I prefer studying or revising alone than in groups and thinking things thoroughly first on my own. Study styles of accounting students in universities are mainly based on two methods. †¢ Tutor centred: Lectures and seminars qualify for tutor centred learning. That is why university students need to become skilled at how to listen, memorize and take notes that are taught by the lecturer. †¢ Student centred: Student centred learning involves student actively taking part, learning with examples of real life situations. They are encouraged to work in groups in case studies, debates, presentations and in new environments in which they must get accustomed. E-learning and independent studying are all means to get the students learning on their own, thinking critically and evaluating concepts. â€Å"Experiential Learning is based on the idea that particular experiences form the basis of learning opportunities†(Allan B,2009). David Kolb developed the Experiential Learning Model in the early 1970’s.Show MoreRelatedThe Different Roles Of The Accounting Profession1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Different Roles of the Accounting Profession Module by: Link-Systems International, Inc.. E-mail the author Summary: Demo/Sample Learning Object in Accounting Note: You are viewing an old style version of this document. The new style version is available here. Links [hide links] Supplemental links Weakly related linkThe Salvation Army Weakly related linkAmazon.com Weakly related linkGoogle Weakly related linkTwitter Weakly related linkVerizonRead MoreThe Workforce Is Facing An Anomaly907 Words   |  4 Pagesgenerations represents 78.3 million individuals in the current population, with the Millennial generation representing 92 million in the current population. When this transition occurs, many Millennials will be given the opportunity to advance in their profession, and secure top-level management positions. Are Millennials prepared to transition into these upper level positions? This report will examine the (a) the multigenerational workforce, (b) the Baby Boomer generation, (c) the Millennial GenerationRead MoreSample Resume For A Canadian Experience Being An International Student1070 Words   |  5 Pagescompany and to learn about management practices. †¢ Develop the communication skills and channels. †¢ To get familiar with working style in Canada. †¢ To work and addition involvement in the field in which I want to construct better profession. †¢ enhancing both my individual and professional growth. †¢ To know about the concepts in accounting , dispatching and making payrolls. 2. Describe the results that you achieved in relation to these objectives. The most imperative outcomeRead MoreEssay on What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad?1219 Words   |  5 Pagesreflection of knowledge and competence gained through learning. Therefore, acts of academic dishonesty undermine the validity of student learning. This, in turn, has effect on academic system in two ways – 1. It reflects poorly on the academic standard or quality of education being imparted by the institution from where the cheating student earned his/her grades and 2. It also interferes with faculty’s ability to correctly diagnose gaps in student learning for the purpose of both re-teaching current studentsRead MoreWhat I Learned From An Audit Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The overall goal of Professor Schafer for ACCT-8400 Seminar in Auditing course is to prepare for each student to enter the auditing professions and/or to work with auditors. The student should have ability to demonstrate proficiency in developing audit evidence that meet the standards of the profession, apply auditing standards in the real world, create an audit plan, and proposed to the senior managers. I recognize that having an effective audit system is important for a company becauseRead MoreFinancial Accounting Concepts And Practices958 Words   |  4 PagesThe TMA covers the financial accounting concepts and practices in the businesses. It is marked out of 100 and is worth 20% of the overall assessment component. It is intended to assess students’ understanding of some of the learning points within Books 1 to 5. This TMA requires you to apply the course concepts. The TMA is intended to: ïÆ'Ëœ Increase the students’ knowledge about the reality of the accounting as a profession. ïÆ'Ëœ Assess students’ understanding of key learning points within Books 1 to 5Read MorePersonal Assessment of Strengths and Weaknesses1851 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant, as they can make contribution to society. It is for this reason that I would like to pursue a career in higher education in regards to the nursing profession. Assessment of strengths and weaknesses Personally, strengths and weakness will vary throughout my professional career. In particularly, developing a commitment to life long learning will help mitigate or abate many of the negative influences that may occur as a health care educator. Currently, the health care industry is undergoing fundamentalRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1718 Words   |  7 Pagesthe company organization. Also, I did my observation during the internship about how the whole company operating. Basically these are my major research method I have used to investigate this law office. body This firm has implemented the business style organization. However, according to the law of advocate, a law office cannot have either shareholders nor stockholders. So 16 partners grouped as the highest potency and able to make decisions about important matters according to the partnership agreementRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Experience With The Nature And Beauty Throughout Our State Essay1978 Words   |  8 Pagesreally took away from my overall experience in high-school as well education. I was so obsessed with getting the grade, I never allowed myself enjoy the content. I believe there’s a big difference between memorizing the content for a test and really learning it for real-world application. I also believe this obsession really held me back from developing any real relationships with my teachers, which is one of my biggest regrets. One of my biggest goals for college is to really learn the content and beginRead MoreEssay about Becoming A Professional Chef884 Word s   |  4 Pagestraining can be useful for some individuals in the place of formal education, and is a a necessary follow-up for all chefs in training. Learning should be an ongoing process, there is no substitute for experience;only with practice will classroom teory become fully developed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose behind the education is learning basic food preparation, learning the styles of knife cuts and food presentation. Most importantly of all food preparation is sanitation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The importance of sanitation cannot

Ethics Of Robot Companionship And Elderly Care - 1081 Words

Ethics of Robot Companionship and Elderly Care 1. The Ethical Issue The elderly population is growing in the United Sates. According to the Department of Health and Human Service, the older population –people aged 65 and over– â€Å"represented 14.1% in the population in the year 2013 and are expected to grow to be 21.7% of the population by 2040† (â€Å"Administration on Aging† 1). And since many adult children live far away from their parents, some people suggests that using robot as companies can ease the burden on adult children and assist elderly people who do not have family members to care for them. In fact, there are companies that are developing such robots. Toyota, the Japanese automotive manufacturer, is developing robots that can â€Å"help carry elderly or provide mobility support†(A Robot Is My Friend† 1). Some elderly people are already using companion robots. For example, in a European Union-funded project, 94-year-old Nonna Lea has a GiraffPlus robot as her companion. The robot and her home ar e equipped with sensors that can detect the health condition of Nonna, like measuring the blood pressure, oxygen levels in the blood, and blood sugar level. The system also has environmental sensors that can track whether someone is in a certain room, indicate the use of house appliances and monitor whether doors and windows are closed. Moreover, it can connect her to her family, friends and healthcare professionals (Robots Are Caring for Elderly People in Europe 2). Operators ofShow MoreRelatedThe Aging Population : Baby Boomers Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pagesratio quickly decreasing to the care recipients, there must be solutions to counteract the amount of decreased workers. The first one is education; education is a pathway to better knowledge. Therefore, more emphasis on geriatric education will increase awareness for the elderly and the upcoming trials to support them. Also, spreading more important information about the elderly via social media would be efficient in this mod ern time. Next is the integration of robot caregivers. Several other countriesRead MoreHow Robots Can Solve The Problem Of Aging Population2349 Words   |  10 Pagesspeed. We are already used to have robots surrounding in our life, they are in movies, factories and as household objects. The development of autonomous robots have benefit our live in many different ways. However, there are downsides of having robots replaced the tasks that were done by human and it comes along with some ethical issues. This paper will firstly discuss about how robots can solve the problem of aging population, the benefits and reasons why robots will not yet replace human as nursingRead MoreRobot Ethics and Ethical Issues5299 Words   |  22 PagesROBOT ETHICS AND ETHICAL ISSUES ABSTRACT Robot ethics is a branch of applied ethics which endeavours to isolate and analyse ethical issues arising in connection with present and prospective uses of robots. These issues span human autonomy protection and promotion, moral responsibility and liability, privacy, fair access to technological resources, social and cultural discrimination, in addition to the ethical dimensions of personhood. INTRODUCTION Robots are machines endowed with sensing, informationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageswanted to identify the skills and competencies that separate extraordinarily effective performers from the rest of us. We identified 402 individuals who were rated as highly effective managers in their own organizations in the fields of business, health care, education, and state government by asking senior officers to name the most effective managers in their own organizations. We then interviewed those people to determine what attributes were associated with managerial effectiveness. We asked questions

Should Vaccinations Be Mandatory And That No One Should Be...

Vaccines have been shown to be the most effective way to eliminate or reduce the prevalence of life-threatening diseases within our population (Lantos, Jackson and Harrison, 2012). However, there has been a growing concern with outbreaks of these diseases showing up repeatedly throughout the last few years. This has caused a sense of worry among parents with children. I believe that vaccinations should be mandatory and that no one should be exempt based on personal belief if the disease is deadly enough to cause harm. I will explain my argument to justify mandatory vaccines through the benefit for the common good of society, the harm principle and its welfare baseline. Opel and Diekema (2012) are still on the offence about mandating vaccines because they believe that it disrespects parental autonomy and their ability to make a decision for their child. However, the vaccine is there to protect children from developing these serious conditions and has been shown to be beneficial when all children are immunized to stop the spread of disease from circulating in a community, which is known as herd immunity (Lantos, Jackson and Harrison, 2012). Therefore although it may be said to be true that it disrespects parental autonomy it also violates other parent’s autonomy to choose to vaccinate and keep their children safe from disease. The choices of those parents not vaccinating are putting the ones that do at risk. On the other hand, Dare (1998) talks about parents not vaccinatingShow MoreRelatedEuthanasi Vaccine Refusal On Religious Grounds1624 Words   |  7 Pagescase by insisting that vaccination refusal on the grounds of prioritizing the intere st of one’s own children over the interests of public health is not morally justified. He provides two strong moral reasons that he uses to justify his case in favor of vaccinations. Both of these reasons, he suggests, should compel people to get vaccinated and to vaccinate their children. However, Navin fails to recognize the group of people who have strong religious beliefs against vaccinations and the way that theyRead MoreImmunizations And Vaccinations : A Hot Topic1426 Words   |  6 Pages Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic Crystal L. Clauser Frostburg State University Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic In the United States, the childhood immunization schedule recommends that children receive approximately 15 vaccinations by 19 months of age, and it specifies ages for administration of each vaccination dose (Luman, Barker, McCauley, Drews-Botsch, 2005, p. 1367). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a vaccine is a product thatRead MoreEssay about Vaccinations Should Be Required1105 Words   |  5 PagesImagine two children; one who has been completely vaccinated, and the other has never been vaccinated. Both children fall ill from the same virus, but the child who had been vaccinated fully recovers, while the child who was not passes away due to complications. That child’s life could have been saved if the child received the proper vaccinations. Ever since the invention of the Smallpox vaccine more than two centuries ago, there has been an abundance of controversy over the morality, ethics, effectivenessRead MoreMandatory Vaccinations For School Chil dren Essay1782 Words   |  8 PagesMandatory Vaccinations for School Children We have all raised our eyebrows when the person sitting the row behind us starts coughing, and not just the â€Å"soda went down the wrong pipe† cough, but the real, mucus breaking, uncontrollable hacking. Likewise, many of us have also tried to not get too close to the person with the visibly red, irritated nose and the constant sniffling that comes with the absence of a tissue. As a society, we tend to be conscious of the threat of contracting a disease,Read MoreShould There Be Mandatory Vaccinations for Children Entering School?1582 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Should there be mandatory vaccinations for children entering school?† There are many diseases that are preventable with the use of vaccines such as measles, pertussis, polio and rubella. In the United States, Massachusetts became the first state to mandate vaccinations for children upon entering school in 1855. Since then each state has added or amended various requirements of the vaccination schedule. However, various exemptions exist to override vaccinations such as religious reasons, or medicalRead MoreThe Anti Vaccination Movement :1300 Words   |  6 PagesMSM Critical Thinking Problem Solving GEN 1113 19 March 2016 The Anti-Vaccination Movement Step one: The current issue I have selected to discuss is vaccinations. In particular, I will be addressing the anti-vaccination movement that has gained popularity in recent years and the contributing biases that influenced its emergence. One event stands out at as a major contributing factor to the growth of the anti-vaccination movement, the 1998 study by Andrew Wakefield that was published by the EnglishRead MoreThe Importance Of Mandated Immunization For School Age Children1996 Words   |  8 PagesUniversity Introduction Immunization for school age children is an integral aspect of early healthcare and is a reliable method of developing resistance to specific, potentially life threatening diseases. Immunization, which is also known as vaccination, is crucial as it not only protects the immunized individual but also the surrounding community members (Grace, 2006). When a child is not vaccinated, there is an increased risk to develop symptoms of a particular disease, which can result in anRead MoreMandatory Immunization Of Children For School Entry1601 Words   |  7 Pageswhich eliminated California s personal belief exemption. These laws create a very low bar for parents to obtain an exemption. Often they simply have to check a box stating they don’t want to vaccinate their children, and that is sufficient. States with personal belief exemptions have 2.5 times the vaccine refusal rate as states with religious exemptions only. Essentially, the easier it is to obtain a vaccine exemption, the lo wer the vaccination rate. Personal belief exemption rates have gone up dramaticallyRead MoreReasons For Mandatory Immunization Records1850 Words   |  8 Pages California now along with two other states joined Mississippi and West Virginia that perm only medical exemptions as legitimate reasons to evade vaccinations. The four times that a student’s vaccination records are required are: 1. Entering daycare or preschool; 2. Entering kindergarten; 3. Entering kindergarten and 4. Any time a k-12 student changes school districts. That is, just changing schools within a district does not require the student’s parent/guardian to provide immunization records.Read MoreThe Center For Infectious Diseases Communicable Disease2296 Words   |  10 Pagessigned by Governor Brown on June 30, 2015. Effective one year from now in July 2016, SB 277 will no longer permit immunization exemptions based on personal beliefs for children in child care and public and private schools; permit personal belief exemptions submitted before January 1, 2016 to remain valid until a pupil reaches kindergarten or 7th grade. The bill in 2016 will also remove immunization requirements for students in home-based private schools, students enrolled in an independent

Morality and Iraq War 2003

Question: Describe about the Report for Morality and Iraq War 2003. Answer: Introduction The great concern has been spread over the discussion of morality and the death of Iraqis, by the US invasion in the year 2003. The scholars have used various methods to analyze the death rate and destruction in Iraq. The scholars have used the data provided by the Ministry of Health, media reports and morality tallies. The best known data is about the Iraqi Body Count,, which stated that till year 2006 43491 and 48283 Iraqis were killed. The action of Iraq invasion has been criticized by many people all over the world. It is because this action leads to massive destruction and death of many innocent people. Just to kill some of the wrong people, the aggressive action could not justify the reason. This paper will analyze the just war theory to discuss the action taken by US was not morally justified. It is believed that action taken by US was not necessary; also the paper will explain the democralization could not be a justified reason for aggression, either from the ethical perspect ive, or from the legal point of view. This war has been very crucial, because it had a very low level of support from the public and also lead to the failure of the American military and other coalition. Thus, testing the morality of the Iraq war is very significant. Iraq War and Morality The Iraq war in the year 2003 has given rise to the plethora of the analysis in many fields. The analysis of the war is done in the disciplines of media, social science, international relations, international laws, political science etc. One of the major issues associated with the war is the issue of morality. Many scholars and thinkers are adamant about analyzing the effect of war because of the consequences it created. The effect of the war has forced people to think about the unipolar system in terms of the international relations. It is also believed and discussed that power of USA was overestimated before the initiation of the war. The discussion over morality of the war was initiated by the journal of Ethics and International Affairs. This journal raised the discussion about morality in the war against Iraq. Anti? (2009) states that, the name of the tradition just war is rather unfortunate due to the massiveness of the issue. What is really being addressed is the moral justifia bility of the use of force. Also it is not really a theory of just war. It provides more of a moral calculus for the determination of the moral justifiability of the force, than a theory of war (p 121). One of the recurrent and permanent realities about the existence of the humans is war. According to the earliest records from the history of humankind, humans have been found to be engaged in the armed conflicts, and have considered war as the main method of the conflict resolution. However the perpetrators of the war seem to be effectively analyzing the armed violence, due to the fact that there is no justified reason of violent actions. The Iraqi war was a major operation to attain Iraq freedom. UK and US forces invaded Iraq and had gained control over most of the Iraq in very few days. The forces had gained the rapid conventional military victory, but he guerrilla war was continued over the US and UK army troops. The number of deaths was estimated to increase till the time these wars were continued. The case of morality is major issue to be discussed, because 30% of the people killed in the war were civilians (Gordon, 2003, 1117). The discussion of the morality of the Iraq war is also discussed because of the ethical questions it raises. The mass destruction in Iraq has been very massive and also proved to be wrong. The morality had to be justified because of the reason that number of terrorist has not been decreased since the massive destruction. Also, American troops had been killed in large number and many of them had been lost. The most basic ethical value that has been discussed is due to the barbarous and systematic abuse of the Iraqi detaniees. The people in many of the cities had suffered allot, also nationwide insurgency was portended by Shiites and Sunnies (Tapp et al, 2008). They had stand against the presence of US army in Iraq. Thus, there was not only a war that America was fighting against the terrorists, but also an internal war, in which people had been involved to gain their freedom from US invasion. The morality of the War is major issue not only the high death rate, but also due to the tort ure that Iraqi prisoners had to face. Even after all this destruction and torture half of the Americans believed that war was morally correct. The repressive and most aggressive actions of US army against Iraqis are the major moral challenge over their action (Powers, 2003). In order to end the Saddam Husseins regime, the US invasion was decided. However, it can be argued that does the capture of Saddam Hussein have changed the life of Iraqi people? Just War Theory The theory of just war was found to be coined in the works of St. Augustine. The most important criteria about any war are that the war had been occurred for the justified purpose or for the selfish purposes. According to Chambers (2004), The United Nations Charter also has contributed to just war theory by recognizing the intrinsic right of each sovereign nation to self-defense (Chambers, 2004, 3). Outlawing the use of the military power in order to resolve the conflicts, or more appropriately the international conflict is the decision of the UN charter. According to UN charter, every nation has the equal rights to defend themselves from the attack of the other forces. Elshtain (1992), explains it as which is by the very nature unlawful (p. 205). Thus, it is unlawful to invade a nation and creating massive destruction to eliminate few terrorists. Just war theory also deals with the the legitimacy of killing noncombatants, the treatment of prisoners, the use of poisons, appropriation of property, and the use of especially terrible weapons (Elshtain, 1992, 203). Another purpose of this theory is to govern the alternatives of the war at the first place and justify the conditions under which the war has been done. The just war theory is based on six main conditions. The first condition is that the reason of the war must be justified, second is that the right authority must make the decision to go for the war, third is that the people going for war must have the right intentions, fourth is that the war must be undertaken only as the last alternative, fifth is that the aim of the war must be to restore emergent peace and the last condition is that war must be proportionate (Chambers, 2004). According to the first condition of the Just war theory, the reason of the war must be just. According to the scholars the most justified reason is to undertake in response of the aggression. Thus, the question is that US invasion in Iraq was undertaken as the response towards Iraqs aggression? The justified reason towards the war, as presented by President Bush, was that the aggressive behavior of Iraq was twofold (Tapp et al, 2008). The first was that Iraq had produced the concealed weapons, which could have been used to harm American people or other innocent people of the world. The justified reason was that people in America were terrified and were the victim of the Iraqi aggression, as Saddam Hussein could have done mass destruction. The second justified reason given by Americans was that Iraqi had a great link to the terrorists groups, who had attacked US in 2001 (Chambers, 2004). The second condition was that the right authority must make the decision about going on the war. Some of the scholars believe that US action to invade Iraq were legitimate and right. According to American constitution, The President of the country has the right to use the military actions against other nations. The third condition was that people going for the war must have the correct intentions. The justified intention of the war must be to do the right and to bring peace. The public speeches of the President Bush had claimed that the major justified reason of Iraqi invasion is to reduce the terrorist actions. However, there is still a question about the morality of the actions and intentions. Getting rid of Saddam Hussein and destruction of the weapons were not the only intentions of US. Some of the scholars claim that the true intentions of America for invading Iraq were to acquire the oil supply of Iraq (Chambers, 2004). Novak (2003) has stated that the fundamental motive seems to be the geopolitical position that Iraq holds in the Middle East [as one of] the three major oil and natural gas producing states (Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia). US claimed that their main intention was to restore peace, by eradicating terrorism, but US also had the desire of national self interest and thus right intentions are not justified (Anti?, 2009). The fourth condition of just war is that war should be considered as the last resort. However, it has been found that war was not considered as the last resort y US. American Government could have tried the non violent ways. Taking away the consent of the general public can collapse the regime. If the Iraqi people had been encouraged to take part in non-violent actions against terrorism, the war could have been avoided (Chambers, 2004). Thus, the morality could not be justified by these intentions of US. Iraq war had not been associated with any kind of moral actions and self interest was the main agenda. The fifth condition of just war theory proposes that the goal or the aim of the war must emergent peace. It can be accepted that US motive was to establish peace, by reducing terrorism, dismantaling the supply of weapons and saving the lives of millions of people all over the world (Gordon, 2003). However, this act can be questioned under morality and ethics, because upheaval of Sad dam Hussein has not been able to reduce terrorism. Although, the revenge killing, new tyranny and anrchy has been increased. The stability and peace could not be achieved till date. Many innocent people had lost their lives and many have to be displaced from their land (Iraq Family Health Survey Study Group, 2008). Conclusion Iraq War and US invasion in 2003 has raised many questions about the morality and ethics. The war occurred due to the American intentions to kill Saddam Hussein and to lessen the terrorist activities all over the world. The war could not be considered as moral. The paper used the just war theory to determine the morality of Iraq war. According to this analysis there was no morality in the Iraq War, because the war seems to be derived from personal interest and intentions of America. America could not completely justify the correct reasons for war, which could have been avoided. The sixth condition of the just war theory states about the proportionate war. The destruction and evils of the war must not overshadow the achieved goods (Murray, Scales, 2003). The Iraq war can be seen as just as it resulted in the destruction of Saddam Hussein and weapon mass destruction. The war ended a cruel and tyrant dictator, who had killed thousands of innocent people. His removal from the Iraq was done to ensure that such atrocities must not occur in future (Burnham et al, 2006). However, the war resulted in humanitarian trouble for thousands of innocent Iraqi people, many of the people lost their loved ones, their homes were destroyed and prisoners faced extensive torture. Thus, the Iraq war could not be considered as morally and ethically justified, nor it could be considered as proportionate. References Anti?, M. (2009). Iraq War (2003-): Was It Morally Justified?.Politi?ka misao,46(1), 88-113. Burnham, G., Lafta, R., Doocy, S., Roberts, L. (2006). Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey.The Lancet,368(9545), 1421-1428. Chambers, R. (2004). Just War theory and the US-led War on Iraq from 2003. University of Wollongong, 1-18. Elshtain, J. B. (1992).Just war theory. NYU Press. Gordon, D. (2003). The Cost, Consequences and Morality of War in Iraq1.Age,18(24), 16. Gordon, D. (2003). Iraq, War and Morality.Economic and Political Weekly, 1117-1120. Iraq Family Health Survey Study Group. (2008). Violence-related mortality in Iraq from 2002 to N Engl J Med,2008(358), 484-493. Murray, W., Scales, R. H. (2003).The Iraq War. Harvard University Press. 43 Novak, Michael. (2004). Asymmetrical Warfare Just War. Retrieved from: https://www.nationalreview.com/article/205864/asymmetrical-warfare-just-war-michael-novak Powers, G. F. (2003). An Ethical Analysis of War Against Iraq.Blueprint for Social Justice,56(7). Tapp, C., Burkle, F. M., Wilson, K., Takaro, T., Guyatt, G. H., Amad, H., Mills, E. J. (2008). Iraq War mortality estimates: a systematic review.Conflict and health,2(1), 1.

Hamlet Character Analysis Essay Example For Students

Hamlet: Character Analysis Essay Over the centuries many people have complained that William Shakespeare did an inadequate job of steering the readers of Hamlet to a specific interpretation of each character. Each reader is left to decide the true extent of Hamlets evil and insane ways or to realize that he clearly is a victim of circumstances beyond his control, therefore declaring him innocent. Because of William Shakespeares writing style, the reader receives little help in discovering who is truly innocent and who is as guilty as Claudius. Many scholars agree that Hamlet may be the most complex character presented by any playwrite. Over the centuries critics have offered many theories and explanations for Hamlets actions, but none have sufficiently explained him. Many people view Hamlet as a deeply troubled youth who caused many unnecessary deaths, such as those of Polonius and Laertes. Critics who support this theory point out the cruel actions carried out by Hamlet, one example being the indifferent and boastf ul way Hamlet describes the ingenious way he had his two good friend, Rosencrantz and Guildentsern killed. We will write a custom essay on Hamlet: Character Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now But wilt thou hear now how I did proceed?I sat down, devised a new commission, wrote it fair. I once did hold it, as our satists do, a baseness to write fair, labored much how to forget that learning, but, sir, now it did me a yeomans service. Wilt thou know th effect of what I wrote?An earnest conjuration from the King, as England was his faithful tributarythat on the view and knowing of the contents, without debatement further more or less, he should those bearers put to sudden death. (Shakespeare 5:228-45)The way Hamlet treats Ophelia, the woman he supposedly loved, also supports the portrayal of him being a barbarian. If thou dost marry ,Ill give thee this plague for thy dowry: be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a nunneryreferring to a brothel, go and quickly, too.(Shakespeare 3:1 136-141)Another offered interpretation suggests that using the information given by the ghost of King Hamlet, Hamlet seized the opportunity to regain w hat was rightfully his-the throne of Denmark. One less popular belief that has been expressed states that Hamlet was actually a girl, raised as a man, so there would be an heir to the throne. Critics who support this view say that this theory explains Hamlets reluctance and hesitation to commit murder(which is most often viewed as a masculine act). This is highly unlikely because there is, in fact, no evidence in the play that supports this explanation. All critics do agree that Hamlet is exceptionally intelligent and a sensitive young man, however his actions are left to personal interpretations. Queen Gertrude, Hamlets mother, is perceived by most as a loving yet mysterious figure throughout the play. Her innocence is not only questioned by Hamlet in Act 3 scene 4 (A bloody deed-almost as bad Mother, as to kill a king and marry his brother)but by the readers as well. Many readers believe the final scene, in which Gertrude drinks the poisoned cup, is the clue to determining her guilt or innocence. Perhaps Gertrude drank the poison out of guilt from her role in her first husbands death. Its possible that she drank the wine without knowing that is would be fatal. It all depends on how the reader interprets one of the last things Gertrude says in the play, I will my Lord, I pray you pardon me. Cladius is often thought of as the villain of the play. Shakespeare portrayed Cladius as a true politician-tactful, manipulative and deceitfully clever. His power over people is demonstrated by his control over Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, whom he sent as spies . .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .postImageUrl , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:hover , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:visited , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:active { border:0!important; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:active , .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802 .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6dbf61b53308c03afcda4b1b5828e802:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Native American Religious Beliefs EssayAnd can you by no drift of conference get from him why he puts on this confusion, grating so harshly all his days of quiet with turbulent and dangerous lunacy?Good gentlemen, give him a further edge and drive his purpose into these delights.reply from Rosencrantz: We shall, my lord. (Shakespeare 3:1 1-28)Some scholars suggest that we are supposed to view Caldius as being better suited to be king than Hamlet, that is why Cladius does the things he does. Polonius is viewed as a mixture of good and evil. He is clearly an intelligent man who was influential and well liked in the Danish court. Most critics speculate the Polonius intentions were usually good but he had a sinister side as well. His sinister side was demonstrated by his eagerness to obtain a higher political position by any means possible, such as trickery, spying and marrying his only daughter into the Royal family. Ophelia, walk you here-gracious, so please you, we will bestow ourselves. Read on this book, that show of such an exercise may color your loneliness. We are oft to blame on this-tis too much proved-that with devotions visage and pious action we do sugar oer the devil himselfI hear him coming. Lets withdraw, my lord.(Shakespeare 3:1 43-56)A will come straight. Look you lay home to him. Tell him his pranks have been to broad to bear with, and that Your Grace hath screened and stood between much heat and him. Ill shroud me even here. Pray you, be round with him. (Shakespeare 3:4 1-5)Every character in Shakespeares Hamlet, from Hamlet himself to the priest, can be interpreted a number of different ways. There is no right or wrong character analysis. Even the reasons for a characters actions can be interpreted different ways and tied to a number of the plays hidden themes. I used a href=http://www.folger.edu/http://www.folger.edu/ to write my essay

The Two Faces of Globalization Essay Example

The Two Faces of Globalization Essay The goal of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the role of contemporary literature in understanding the neocolonialist and imperialist aspects of globalization by exploring the depiction of globalization in Arundhati Roy’s novel â€Å"The God of Small Things† and Steve Tesich’s play â€Å"On the Open Road. Although both of these works criticize corporate globalization as a profit-driven enterprise controlled by and catering to the interests of economic, political and intellectual elites, they also express hope in the possibility of a different kind of globalization, which would be based on a genuine struggle for equality and justice for everyone. Introduction: The Two Faces of GlobalizationIs globalization a process which enables greater freedoms in the movement of money, knowledge and people across state borders and is thus beneficial for people across the globe, or is it a process which enables Western powers to exploit other parts of the world in a relatively new way and is thus merely the latest stage of Western imperialism? This question lies at the core of the ongoing disputes between proponents and opponents of globalization. Proponents of globalization insist that the former is the case, while the opponents argue it is actually the latter.In the article titled â€Å"Globalization: Threat or Opportunity? † published in 2000 by the International Monetary Fund staff, economic globalization is defined as â€Å"a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows. † The article further explains, â€Å"The term [globalization] sometimes also refers to the movement of people (labor) and knowledge (technology) across international borders.There are also broader cultural, political and environmental dimensions of globalization that are not covered here. † (Internatio nal Monetary Fund, 2000) For the sake of briefly defining those broader dimension as well, it is useful to borrow words from Manfred B. Steger’s â€Å"Globalization: A Very Short Introduction,† in which he defines cultural globalization as â€Å"the intensification and expansion of cultural flows across the globe,† (Steger, 2003 , pp. 69) political globalization as â€Å"the intensification and expansion of political interrelations across the globe,† (Steger, 2003, pp. 6) and, finally, environmental globalization as the aspect of globalization which deals with the issue of global environmental degradation through phenomena such as the loss of biodiversity, hazardous waste, industrial accidents, global warming and climate change. (Steger, 2003, pp. 87) On the other hand, Vandana Shiva’s definition of globalization can be read as a negation of the above-cited definitions. In her essay â€Å"Ecological Balance in an Era of Globalization,† Shiva states that â€Å"Globalization is not a natural, evolutionary, or inevitable phenomenon, as is often argued.Globalization is a political process that has been forced on the weak by the powerful. Globalization in not the cross-cultural interaction of diverse societies. It is the imposition of a particular culture on all others. Nor is globalization the search for ecological balance on a planetary scale. It is the predation of one class, one race, and often one gender of a single specie on all others. ‘Global’ in the dominant discourse is the political space in which the dominant local seeks control, freeing itself from local, regional, and global sources of accountability arising from the imperatives of ecological sustainability and social justice. Global’ in this sense does not represent the universal human interest; it represents a particular local and parochial interest and culture that has been globalized through its reach and control, irresponsibility, and lack of reciprocity. † She further explains, â€Å"Globalization has come in three waves. The first wave was the colonization of the Americas, Africa, Asia and Australia by European powers over the course of 1, 500 years. The second wave was the imposition of the West’s idea of ‘development’ on non-Western cultures in the postcolonial era of the past five decades.The third wave of globalization was unleashed approximately five years ago as the era of ‘free trade,’ which for some commentators implies an end to history, but for us in the Third World is a repeat of history through recolonization. Each wave of globalization is cumulative in its impact, even while it creates discontinuity in the dominant metaphors and actors. Each wave of globalization has served Western interests, and each wave has created deeper colonization of other cultures and of the planet’s life. † (Shiva, 2000 , pp. 22-423) Arundhati Roy’s novel â€Å" The God of Small Things† and Steve Tesich’s play â€Å"On the Open Road† show that the reality of globalization for people outside of the local and global economic, political and intellectual elites coincides with the view of globalization given by Shiva and not with the one given by the IMF. Roy’s and Tesich’s works also offer a vision of a different kind of globalization, which would not be based on corporate interests and profits, but on the universal human quest for love, equality and justice.Destruction of Local Economies, Corporate Takeover of People’s Land and Resources, Ecological Degradation and Limited Wars A good example of the impossibility of small local businesses to survive under the conditions imposed by big corporations with the help of local governments and organizations such as the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and World Trade Organization is shown in the demise of the factory owned by the Ipe family from â€Å"T he God of Small Things. The factory was started by Mammachi, after she had been asked to make some banana jam and mango pickles for a local fair and her products turned out to be in high demand during the fair. Initially, her factory was a small, but successful enterprise. However, as soon as her son Chacko became involved in the running of the business, he tried to expand it and make it more competitive on the global market. Even though he managed to get loans from a bank to put his plans into action, his actions proved to be detrimental to the success of the factory, whose financial slide began almost immediately.In addition, the family had to mortgage the rice fields around their house in order to get the bank loans in the first place. Furthermore, under the new production laws, the factory was technically prohibited from producing its famous banana jam, merely because it did not fit into Food Products Organization’s arbitrary classification of products, as it did not rese mble their definition of either jam or jelly enough. Nevertheless, the factory managed to continue producing it illegally, which speaks volumes about the inefficiency of the local government and the organizations in charge of globalization to enforce their own laws.Their inefficiency in law enforcement is even more evident in the area of labor wages, given we learn that the workers from the factory began receiving a wage bellow the legal minimum specified by the Trade Union as soon as the factory’s financial slide began, without anyone of the authorities bothering to do something about that. Or at least no one other than Comrade Pillai, a local politician who merely wanted to use the situation to advance his own political career, with little to no real concern for the protection of the rights of the workers.Roy’s novel also gives us an insight into how governments of developing countries take control over the local resources in order to use them primarily with the inte rests of global corporations in mind and not the interests of the local community. As a result, local resources are exhausted, people often displaced from their land in large numbers and traditional trades based on making use of local resources are no longer possible. The governments of developing countries also allow them to be turned into dumping grounds for the waste from developed countries.Now that he’d been re-Returned, Estha walked all over Ayemenem. Some days he walked along the banks of the river that smelled of shit and pesticides bought with World Bank loans. Most of the fish had died. The ones that survived suffered from fin-rot and had broken out in boils. (Roy, 1997, pp. 7) Years later, when Rahel returned to the river, it greeted her with a ghastly skull’s smile, with holes where teeth had been, and a limp hand raised from a hospital bed. Both things had happened. It had shrunk. And she had grown.Downriver, a saltwater barrage had been built, in exchange for votes from the influential paddy-farmer lobby. The barrage regulated the inflow of salt water from the backwaters that opened into the Arabian Sea. So now they had two harvests a year instead of one. More rice—for the price of a river. [†¦] Once [the river] had had the power to evoke fear. To change lives. But now its teeth were drawn, its spirit spent. It was just a slow, sludging green ribbon lawn that ferried fetid garbage to the sea. Bright plastic bags blew across its viscous, weedy surface like subtropical flying-flowers.The stone steps that had once led bathers right down to the water, and Fisher People to the fish, were entirely exposed and led from nowhere to nowhere, like an absurd corbelled monument that commemorated nothing. Ferns pushed through the cracks. (Roy, 1997, pp. 59) Steve Tesich’s play â€Å"On the Open Road† offers an even more straightforwardly grim image of the effects of globalization on countries outside of the First World ( or the so-called Free World, the name to which Tesich alludes in the play by calling the place to which the main two characters want to go the â€Å"Land of the Free†).Unlike in Roy’s novel, where wars occasionally appear in the background of main events, in Tesich’s play all events, save for the ones from the last scene, take place during a civil war. The temporal and geographical location of the play’s events is deliberately unspecified (we are told that the setting is â€Å"TIME: A time of Civil War [,] PLACE: A place of Civil War†) and the misfortunes of Tesich’s fictional country vaguely resemble the misfortunes of any war-inflicted country since the end of the Second World War, albeit in an allegorical sense.The fictional country from the play has a chance to successfully end the civil war for good and become â€Å"free† itself, but it must first kill its Jesus Christ, who appears as a character in the play and symbolically repr esents the undying faith in the possibility of a different kind of human society, a society based on love, equality and justice, all of which are values unwelcome in the Free World, where the only value that matters is the commercial one. The new government, which is a coalition â€Å"of all the former implacable foes,† (Tesich, 1992, pp. 6) entrusts the task of killing Jesus to Al and Angel, whom the government forces captured while they were trying to escape to the Land of the Free. If they kill Jesus for the government, they will be released and given exit visas to go to the Land of the Free. Al: Nervous? Angel: It’s nothing. Just nerves. Why does Jesus have to die? Al: You know why? So we can save our ass. Angel: I know that part. But why do they want him to die. Al: So they can get on with their reforms. They want to overhaul their whole system and he’s in the way.Angel: What system? Al: THE system. Life. Everything. They want to make moral integrity access ible to everybody. If you have a fixed standard it’s tough. But if you let the standards float, like currency, then everyone’s got a shot. Angel: It’ll be a lot more democratic that way, right? Al: Right. (Tesich, 1992, pp. 64-65) Divide and Rule and the Role of the Left One of the aspects for which â€Å"The God of Small Things† has been criticized is its portrayal of the Indian left. E. K.Nayanar, the late leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and three times Chief Minister of Kerala, accused Roy of taking an anti-communist stance in her novel and insinuated that it is thanks to such a stance that the novel became popular in the West. However, Roy’s novel more accurately reads as a thoughtful examination of various reasons why communism in Kerala and, by extension, India in general failed to resolve the society’s deep-seated caste issues, rather than an attack on communism per se.Roy’s criticism in the book is primarily a imed at people who embrace communist rhetoric for the sake of pursuing self-serving agendas, rather than out of any desire to truly reform the society. One such figure is the aforementioned Comrade Pillai, whose interest in the treatment of Ipe family’s factory workers primarily stems from his desire to advance his own political position. He tries to start a rebellion among the Ipe family’s factory workers, even though he is not only a personal friend with Chacko and the rest of the family, but also prints labels for their factory.Yet he sees nothing wrong with simultaneously working against them and for them, because both actions serve his personal interests. Earlier in the year, Comrade Pillai’s political ambitions had been given an unexpected boost. Two local Party members, Comrade J. Kattukaran and Comrade Guhan Menon had been expelled from the Party as suspected Naxalites. One of them—Comrade Guhan Menon—was tipped to be the Party’s can didate for the Kottayam by-elections to the Legislative Assembly due next March. His expulsion from the Parry created a vacuum that a number of hopefuls were jockeying to fill.Among them Comrade K. N. M. Pillai. Comrade Pillai had begun to watch the goings-on at Paradise Pickles with the keenness of a substitute at a soccer match. To bring in a new labor union, however small, in what he hoped would be his future constituency; would be an excellent beginning for a journey to the Legislative Assembly. [†¦] Comrade K. N. M. Pillai never came out openly against Chacko. Whenever he referred to him in his speeches he was careful to strip him of any human attributes and present him as an abstract functionary in some larger scheme. A theoretical construct.A pawn in the monstrous bourgeois plot to subvert the revolution. He never referred to him by name, but always as â€Å"the Management† As though Chacko was many people. Apart from it being tactically the right thing to do, thi s disjunction between the man and his job helped Comrade Pillai to keep his conscience clear about his own private business dealings with Chacko. His contract for printing the Paradise Pickles labels gave him an income that he badly needed. He told himself that Chacko-the-client and Chacko-the-Management were two different people. Quite separate of course from Chacko-the-Comrade. Roy, 1997, pp. 57-58) Comrade Pillai’s opportunism and hypocrisy are even more transparent in his relationship with Velutha. Though Comrade Pillai includes â€Å"Caste is Class, comrades† (Roy, 1997, pp. 132) in his speeches, his efforts in helping the lowest castes are dubious at best. During one of his conversations with Chacko, he reveals that his own wife does not allow Paravans one of the lowest castes, also referred to as â€Å"Untouchables,† which is a joint name for several lowest castes into their house and that he has not managed to change her mind about that, though he has allegedly been trying.He adds that the same is true for the workers from Chacko’s factory, who continue to look down on Velutha because of his Paravan status, despite Comrade Pillai’s supposed attempts to make them overcome their prejudices. Furthermore, he advises Chacko to fire Velutha, so that his presence in the factory would not disturb other workers. When Velutha himself comes to Comrade Pillai to ask for help after the Ipe family learns about his affair with Ammu, Comrade Pillai turns him down, only to later use Velutha’s murder by the police for his own purposes.Namely, since it was well-known that Velutha was a communist, Comrade Pillai tells the workers that â€Å"the Management had implicated the Paravan in a false police case because he was an active member of the Communist Party. † (Roy, 1997, pp. 141) This results in the workers laying siege of the factory and Comrade Pillai getting the publicity he wanted. Another character through whom Roy voices her criticism of certain abuses of communism is Chacko.A member of the middle class intelligentsia, he is â€Å"a self-proclaimed Marxist† (Roy, 1997, pp. 31) whose devotion to Marxism amounts to his diligent reading of Marxist theory (especially that written by the local Marxists), arguing with his father about Marxism and using Marxism as an excuse to approach female workers of his factory and make advances at them. In practice, his interests as the factory owner are directly opposed to the interests of his workers and his concern for them exists only on the level of words.The only time when he contemplates actually doing something for them, the thought crosses his mind primarily because he fears that unless he acts first, Comrade Pillai might steal his fame as a working class hero and savior. His hypocrisy is further highlighted by the fact he avoids delivering any unpleasant news to the workers himself, preferring to leave that to his mother, so that she is the on ly one who gets the reputation of a harsh boss, though the two of them make the decisions about factory management together.However, Roy paints a much more sympathetic picture of communism through Ammu and Velutha. While Ammu does not identify as a communist, she understands and sympathizes with the struggles of the factory workers more than either Comrade Pillai or Chacko. It is she who points out Chacko’s hypocrisy and abuse of power to him by telling him that what he does is merely â€Å"a case of a spoiled princeling playing Comrade. Comrade! An Oxford avatar of the old zamindar entality—a landlord forcing his attentions on women who depended on him for their livelihood. † (Roy, 1997, pp. 31) Moreover, along with her two children, she is the only character in the novel who treats members of the lower castes as her equals and not inferiors. In fact, she first becomes romantically interested in Velutha when she senses that the two of them might share a profoun d anger about the unjust, hierarchically-ordered world they live in. Suddenly Ammu hoped that it had been him that Rahel saw in the march.She hoped it had been him that had raised his flag and knotted arm in anger. She hoped that under his careful cloak of cheerfulness he housed a living, breathing anger against the smug, ordered world that she so raged against. (Roy, 1997, pp. 84) As for Velutha himself, he is arguably the most sympathetic character in the novel. Though hard-working and highly competent, he is paid less than other workers for his work in the factory because he is a Paravan.Moreover, the prevalent attitude in his community is that, due to the fact he is a Paravan, he deserves neither the job nor the training he previously received in order to be able to develop his talents. Even his own father, who has entirely internalized the values of the caste society, thinks Velutha should be grateful for what Mammachi has done for him, though in fact Mammachi’s alleged generosity towards him is entirely self-serving, given Velutha does an extraordinary amount of work both in the factory and the Ipe family house without being paid properly for his services.Moreover, though Mammachi is not overtly rude to Velutha before she learns about his relationship with Ammu, she still treats him as an inferior. Roy also uses Velutha’s character to criticize the treatment of the Naxalites, the most militant fraction of the communist party in India, whom Velutha eventually joins. The Naxalites are dismissed even by other communists for their ties with Maoism and feared by the entire community for their alleged use of excessive violence.Yet from Roy’s description of Velutha’s position and the position of other Untouchables, we understand that the violence the Naxalites use is primarily their defense from the violence against them that is legalized within the caste system. Not only are they condemned to poverty and hard labor for minimum wage, they are also subjected to brutal beatings, rapes and murders by the authorities for even the smallest violations of the discriminatory laws against them. Non-violent resistance is simply not an option for them under such conditions.In addition to criticizing some fractions of the Indian left for their inefficiency in putting an end to the caste system and in protecting those most endangered by it, Roy uses the example of disagreements between the Indian and Chinese communists and the fracturing of the original Communist Party of India into the Communist Party of India and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) to illustrate the dangerous tendency of the radical left to divide itself and thus make it easier for capitalism and imperialism to triumph over it. The God of Small Things† also draws attention to how inner divisions and conflicts within and among the countries of the developing world generally make them more susceptible to the influence of Western neocolonialism and imperialism, which encourages these divisions and conflicts for its own purposes, occasionally creating limited wars. Though â€Å"The God of Small Things† focuses primarily on the divisions and conflicts within the Indian society, it also informs us of the wars that broke out between India and its neighbors.The perniciousness of inner divisions of a society and the way local political elites and Western imperialism benefit from them is one of the themes Tesich’s â€Å"On the Open Road† deals with as well. In Al’s and Angel’s country there are so many opposing parties using the civil war as an opportunity to come into power that the majority of people have lost track of how many of them there are and what the differences between them are, given that they, unlike the politicians, have to worry about their bare life.Al: Whose side are you on? Angel: You mean the Civil War? Al: What else is there? Angel: I’ve lost track of sides. Al: Let us say you ran into Christian Democrats or Social Democrats, or Corporate Christians or the Blues or the Reds or the Whites or some splinter group of any of the above? Which of them would you be most likely to join? Angel: If the King of Hell had a fraction, I’d sign up if he’d set me free. (Tesich, 1992, pp. 9) Like Roy, Tesich here criticizes the behavior of the political and intellectual elites.That the political parties who are fighting for power are hypocritical and opportunistic is evident enough even from their names (for example, â€Å"Corporate Christians†) and becomes even more transparent when they eventually end up forming a coalition government, despite their allegedly irreconcilable ideological differences. As for the intellectual elite, Al’s character serves as critical comment on their compliance with oppressive systems. Unlike Roy’s Chacko, the self-proclaimed Marxist, Al is a skeptical intellectual whose intellect is completely divorced from empathy and who has rejected the values of love, equality and justice.Thus instead of encouraging people to fight for them, he tries to teach them that they are false and unreachable. Commodification of Art, Culture and Education A great example of how the alleged â€Å"intensification and expansion of cultural flows across the globe,† (Steger, 2003, pp. 69) in practice often consists of the expansion of Western (primarily American) pop culture and consumerist culture across the globe can be seen in Roy’s portrayal of the Ipe family household after the introduction of satellite television into their lives.Television quickly makes Baby Kochamma abandon her previous interests and passions, such as her ornamental garden, and spend a large portion of her days eating snacks in front of the TV and ordering various products advertized in the TV commercials in the company of her servant Kochu Maria. Though at first sight the image of them watching television together mig ht seem to be indicative of television having helped them to overcome class barriers and become closer, this is not really the case.This â€Å"television-enforced democracy† (Roy, 1997, pp. 42) actually only further alienates them from each other and their local community and distracts them from their own lives and problems. Furthermore, there is also something unsettling about the very nature of the content offered by television. While in theory television could serve as a great means for bringing information and education to a large number of people, in reality news programs, political shows and even educational programs often serve to spread deologically-motivated misinformation, while trivial, superficial programs, such as soap operas and reality shows, are pushed to the foreground at the expense of any more substantial programs that might exist. In addition, the increased exposure of people to images of graphic, real-life violence via TV seems to desensitize them moreso than make them aware of how horrible the atrocities taking place around them are. Baby Kochamma had installed a dish antenna on the roof of the Ayemenem house.She presided over the world in her drawing room on satellite TV. The impossible excitement that this engendered in Baby Kochamma wasn’t hard to understand. It wasn’t something that happened gradually. It happened overnight. Blondes, wars, famines, football, sex, music, coups d’etat—they all arrived on the same train. They unpacked together. They stayed at the same hotel. And in Ayemenem, where once the loudest sound had been a musical bus horn, now whole wars, famines, picturesque massacres and Bill Clinton could be summoned up like servants.And so, while her ornamental garden wilted and died, Baby Kochamma followed American NBA league games, one-day cricket and all the Grand Slam tennis tournaments, On weekdays she watched The Bold and the Beautiful and Santa Barbara, where brittle blondes with lip stick and hairstyles rigid with spray seduced androids and defended their sexual empires. Baby Kochamma loved their shiny clothes and the smart, bitchy repartee. During the day, disconnected snatches of it came back to her and made her chuckle (Roy, 1997, pp. 14)As for local cultures, in Roy’s novel we see how they are reduced to mere commodities to be sold on the market in a way that deprives them of their substance. Under the conditions imposed by globalization traditional stories and dances, for instance, are often deliberately decontextualized and deprived of any meaning. In â€Å"The God of Small Things† this can be seen on the example of the kathakali being performed for rich, foreign tourists in an altered, mutilated form that is appealing enough to people whose attention span is short and interest in the local culture nothing but superficial.In the novel, performers themselves are described as deeply uncomfortable with taking part in such trivialization and com modification of stories to which they deeply relate. To the Kathakali Man these stories are his children and his childhood. He has grown up within them. They are the house he was raised in, the meadows he played in. They are his windows and his way of seeing. So when he tells a story, he handles it as he would a child, of his own. [†¦] He tells stories of the gods, but his yarn is spun from the ungodly, human heart. The Kathakali Man is the most beautiful of men. Because his body is his soul. His only instrument.From the age of three it has been planed and polished, pared down, harnessed wholly to the task of storytelling. He has magic in him, this man within the painted mask and swirling skins. But these days he has become unviable. Unfeasible. Condemned goods. His children deride him. They long to be everything that he is not. He has watched them grow up to become clerks and bus conductors. Class IV nongazetted officers. With unions of their own. [†¦] In despair, he turn s to tourism. He enters the market. He hawks the only thing he owns. The stories that his body can tell. He becomes a Regional Flavor. (Roy, 1997, pp. 109-110)Furthermore, images invoking some aspects of the traditional culture are even arbitrarily put on the advertisements for locally-produced goods to give them a â€Å"Regional Flavor,† even if there is no logical connection whatsoever between the product itself and the image on its advertisement. For example, an image of a kathakali dancer is on the advertisements painted on the Ipe family’s car, though their factory produces food and therefore has nothing to do with kathakali. â€Å"The God of Small Things† also draws attention to the phenomenon of imperialism and corporate capitalism trying to commodify even most explicit forms of resistance to them.The Hotel People liked to tell their guests that the oldest of the wooden houses, with its airtight, paneled storeroom which could hold enough rice to feed an a rmy for a year, had been the ancestral home of Comrade E. M. S. Namboodiripad, â€Å"Kerala’s Mao Tsetung,† they explained to the uninitiated. The furniture and knickknacks that came with the house were on display. A reed umbrella, a wicker couch. A wooden dowry box. They were labeled with edifying placards that said Traditional Kerala Umbrella and Traditional Bridal Dowry –box.So there it was then, History and Literature enlisted by commerce. Kurtz and Karl Marx joining palms to greet rich guests as they stepped off the boat. Comrade Namboodiripad’s house functioned as the hotel’s dining room, where semi-suntanned tourists in bathing suits sipped tender coconut water (served in the shell), and old Communists, who now worked as fawning bearers in colorful ethnic clothes, stooped slightly behind their trays of drinks. (Roy, 1997, pp. 60) These paragraphs were specifically criticized by the aforementioned E. K.Nayanar, who interpreted Roy’s mo dification of historical facts for the sake of making her point about communism as ideology being commercialized as another proof of her book being an attack on communism. However, bearing in mind we live in the age in which Che Guevara’s image, for instance, has become habitually used for selling merchandise and, furthermore, in which â€Å"theory is taught so as to make the student believe that he or she can become a Marxist, a feminist, an Afrocentrist, or a deconstructionist with about the same effort and commitment required in choosing items from a menu† (Said, 1993, pp. 21), Roy’s warning about the abuses of revolutionary leaders and theories does not seem either malicious or misguided. In Tesich’s â€Å"On the Open Road† we also see how art, culture and education have been reduced to products to be sold on the market. Al and Angel spend the entire first act collecting artifacts from bombed-out museums and houses of the rich, so that they cou ld trade them for the entrance into the Land of the Free. Moreover, Al is trying to educate Angle about art and culture, because â€Å"they don’t let refugees into the Land of the Free by the metric ton anymore.You have to be culturally qualified to get in. † (Tesich, 1992, pp. 19) The developed world is interested in helping the people from the developing world only if they can somehow profit from it themselves. The primary purpose of education in the age of globalization is the advancement of one’s personal socioeconomic position. Furthermore, a detached and desensitized approach to art is completely normalized and is the one that is most demanded on the market.Even though Angel informs us that one of the incidents which marked the beginning of the civil war in his and Al’s country occurred in a museum when the poor museum visitors became infuriated with seeing the rich museum visitors moved by the suffering depicted on paintings, although they were com pletely oblivious to the suffering in real life, it is precisely that kind of a detached approach to art that Al is trying to teach Angel because he knows that this kind of approach to art is valued in the Land of the Free.Conclusion: Art as a Form of Resistance and Creative Maladjustment Though both â€Å"The God of Small Things† and â€Å"On the Open Road† draw attention to the increased trivialization and commodification of art in the time of globalization, neither work suggests that these practices are entirely successful at stripping art of its revolutionary potential. In Roy’s novel we see how, for example, listening to her favorite songs on the radio has an empowering effect on Ammu.In those moments, she casts away the socially-imposed roles and behaviors and enters a state in which she can explore what her authentic desires might be more freely. Music even helps her finally de